Subcategories

• (با نگ درا(حصہ اول

   

  (با نگ درا(حصہ اول

  1905

  Introduction

  First written in Urdu, Bang-i Dara (Caravan Bell) was

   

  translated into Urdu by popular demand. An anthology of

   

   

  poems written over a period of 20 years, is divided into 3 parts:

   

   

  1. Poems written up to 1905, the year Iqbal left for England.

   

   

  These include nursery, pastoral and patriotic verses. Taranayi

   

   

  Hindi (The Song of India) has become an anthem and is sung

   

   

  in India on Independence Day.

   

   

  Article Count:

  63

• (با نگ درا(حصہ دوم

  (با نگ درا(حصہ دوم

  1905 -1908

  Poems written between 1905 and 1908, the period he spent

   

  as a student in Europe. He praises the rationality and

   

  pragmatism of the West, but complains about its overt

   

  materialism, loss of spirituality and narrow patriotism, which

   

  promises suffering. (The first world war proved him right.) This

   

  situation strengthened his belief in the universal values of Islam

   

  and he resolved to use his poetry to stir Muslims to their

   

  renaissance.

  Article Count:

  32

• (با نگ درا(حصہ سوم

  (با نگ درا(حصہ سوم
  

  1908 - 1923
  
  

  Poems written between 1908 and 1923, in which

   

  Iqbal reminds Muslims of their past greatness and calls for the

   

  brotherhood and unity that transcend territorial boundaries. He

   

  urges the ummah to live a life of servitude to God, of sacrifice

   

  and of action so that they may attain once more the high

   

  civilisation that was once theirs. Yam Awr Syair (The Poet and

   

  the Cradle), Shikwa (Complaint to God), Jawab-i-Shikwa

   

  (Response to a Complain), Kiezr-i-Rah (Guidance) and Tulu'i

   

  Islam (Light of Islam) are considered among the greatest

   

  Islamic poems. Love and the Self reverberate as important

   

  themes throughout this section.

   

  Article Count:

  106